Recoil operated fireaem



4 Sheets Sheet 1'.

(No Modele) H. CARR. RECOIL OPERATED FIREARM.

n l lll I (No Model.) 4 sheetssheet 2.'. H. CARR. RBGOIL OPBRATBD FIREARM Patenteddue 8, 1897.

llllllll/ i(No Model.) @Smets-snags,"

H. CARR.

REGOIL OPBRATED PIREARM.

Patented lirlllllr. f llllnlltlllif lill!! i lili!!! l Iliff! Q i E?.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HOWARD CARR, OF SAN FRANCISCO, ALIFORNIA,ASSIGNOR,- BY DIRECT.'

AND MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, To THE SAN FRANCISCOv ARMS COMPANY, OF

SAME PLACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 584,153, date .rune s, "1897. Application tiled September 28, 1894. Serial No. 524 .329. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern,.-

Be it known that I, OWARD CARR, a citizenof the United States, residing at San Francisco, county of lSanlirancisco, and State of California, have invented certain nenr and useful Improvements in Recoil- Operated Firearms, fully described and represented in the following specification and the accompanying drawings, forming a part of the same.

Theobject of the presenjtr, invention isto provide an improved magazine-gun and especially to provide an improvedconstruction of gun of that class known as recoil-operated guns, in which the-energy developed by the recoil when the gun is fired is utilized in retracting the breech-bolt from the barrel to open the breech and performing the other operations of the gun required for a new discharge. The invention is in tended especially for use in shoulder-arms, either rifles or shotguns, but it is applicable also to oth'er classes of rearlns, and guns.

The present invention relates especially to a gun of the special class having a longitudinally-inovable barrel and employing in the breech-movement a pair of links connecting the breech-bolt and barrel, so that the breechbolt moves with the barrel during the recoil movement of the latter, while on the return movement of the barrel the links are actuated to retract the breech-bolt and open the breech, the breech-bolt being4 released and returned to position at the proper time in the operation ofthe gun.r The especial object'of the invention is to provide an improved gun. having a breech-movement of this class; and the invention includes various features of construction and combination of parts in a gun of this general organization and certain features which are applicable also in other classes of guns `employing a different breech-movement.

For a fu l understanding of the invention a detailed description of a construction embodying all the features of the present invention as applied in their preferred formto a shoulder-arm will now be given in connection with the accompanying drawings, frm' ing a part of this specification, and the features forming the invention will then be spe- 5o cificallypointed out in the claims.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a longitudinal section taken centrally' through the stock and barreland inside the frameof the breech mechanism, showing the complete gun with' the barrel in its rearward position. Fig. 4 is a similar view showin gl the barrel returned to its normal position andthe breech-bolt fully withdrawn and about to be retu riied to posiview showing the breech-bolt partially re- ,6'5 tion to close the breech. Fig. 5is a similar -turned with'y a live cartridge inserted by' the carrier. Figs. 6 and 7 are horizontal sections ou, respectively, the lines 6 and 7 of Fi-g 2. Figs. 8, 9, 10, and 11 are cross-sections on, lrespectively, the lines 8,- 9,'10, and 11 of Fig. 2. Fig. 12 is'a detail of the magazine, showing the method of loading. Figs. 13, 14, and 15 are cross-sections of the barrel and magazine on, respectively, the lines 13, 14, and l5 of Fig. 1. Fig. 1 6 is an enlarged detail of the catc,h for holding the magazine in normal position. Fig. 17 is a side view of the casing which'incloses the breech mechanism.

Referring to said drawings, A is the barrel; B, the barre xtension,which virtually forms apart of the barreliand is formed integral therewith or rigidly secured thereto, the barrel being shown as screwed into the 'barrel extension, and C lis the breech-bolt. The barrel and barrel extension move in the frame D,.which, inthe preferred'formshown, consists of a single piece in .which the barrel and magazine are mounted at one end and receiving the stock E-at the opposite end, the stock entering between top and bottom plates forming rearward extensions or tangs of the frame and being .secured thereto by a rod 10, connected to a central cross-plate 11 of the frame and passing through thebutt-end of the stock,

where the stock is drawn up tight, and securedy by a nut 12 on the rod 10. The'frameD is en'- tirely closed by a bottom plate D", except at its opposite ends and where it is provided with an opening- 13 on the side for the ejection of the shell and anopening at the`bo 'Ico tom for the hand-lever and trigger, the gun shown being of that class known as hammerless guns. While this inclosed hammer construction is preferred, however, and a part of the invention consists in such a-construction having a recoil-operated breechmovement, it will be understood that this is not essential and that the invention, considered broadly, may be embodiedin other con-" structions and the form of the frame be varied. Under the barrel A is the magazine F, exten ding longitudinally of the barrel and secured in a fixed position to the front end of the frame D.

G is the fore-stock, which is mounted to slide for loading the magazine, as will be ex, plaied hereinafter.

H is the carrier, and I the hand-lever. Considering now the construction of the gun in detail, the barrel extension B ismortised vertically or consists of a casing which incloses the breech-bolt, its operating parts, and the carrier, and, in the preferred construction shown, is a strong rectangular tube fitting inside the frame D, open at the bottom and ends, but closed otherwise, except that it is provided with an openingr 14 on the side corresponding to the opening 1.3 in the frame D and through which the shell is ejected. The breech-bolt C is provided with a flange 15 at the top, which runs in grooves 16 at opposite sides of the top of the barrel extension. B and by which the breech-bolt is guided and held in position, the breech-bolt also being provided with side ribs 17, entering corresponding grooves 18 in the barrel extension B at opposite sides, these grooves 18 being of suihcient depth to accommodate also the eX- tractors a, which are of the common springhook form and mounted opposite the ribs 17. The breech-bblt also carries an ejector b, which consists of a plate pivoted in the breechbolt so as'to swing longitudinally of the gun and projecting below the breech-bolt suciently to engage a stud 19 on the barrel eX- tension when the breech-bolt is fully withdrawn, the ejector thus being forced forward and the shell thrown out sidewise through the openingsl 14 in advance of the insertion Aof the live cartridge. i' y. i

The breech-bolt C is connected to the barrel extension B by a pair of links K L, pivoted together by pivot 2l, the forward end of the front link K being pivoted to the breech-bolt by the pivot 2O and the rear end of the rear link L to the barrel extension by pivot 22, the link L being preferably forked, or, as shown',

.consisting of two side plates between which threaded upon a pivot 20, the latter thus lim-` iting its movements in both directions. rlhe firing-pin c is engaged at its rear end and actuated for firing by a bar d, which forms practically a part of the firing-pin, but is separate therefrom to allow the front link to turn freely on its pivot 20. For ease of assembling and separating the parts also this bar is preferably thus made separate from .the iiring-pin c and is of the form shown, tapering rearward and mounted in a tapering groove extending centrally through the bottom of the link K. The bar d is thus held from rearward movement by its form and that of the groove in the link K, Kbeing supported in the link by a projection below the groove, as presently to be described, and the bar d may readily be withdrawn from the forward end of the link K when the latter is detached.

The bar d is engaged at its rear end by the hammer e, which serves not only as a hammer to actuate the firing-pin, but also performs important functions in the operation of the breech mechanism, the link K and the bar d being cut away at 5l to accommodate the front end of the hammerein the position shown in Fig. 4. The hammer c carries a strong cross-pin 23, which moves in straight horizontal grooves 50 in opposite sides of the barrel extension B, so that it is guided and positively held to straight line movement therein, and this pin passes through slots 24, cut in the opposite side plates forming the rear link L, these slots having a horizontal portion in which the pin 23 lies in the normal position of the gun and an upwardly-inclined portion by movement in which the pin 23* breaks down the links for retracting the breech-bolt. The hammer e carries also on its lower side a cross-pin 25, whichis engaged luy-projections on the end of the hand-lever I to open the breech by hand. At its rear end the hammer e is pivoted by a pin 26 between IOO two side plates, which form a lever f, which is connected by links 27 at its lower end to the base of the barrel extension B, and between the hammer e and the link 27 the lever is pivotally connected by a pin 28 to a tube g, slotted to move and be guided upon the crossweb 11 of the frame D and upon the rod 10. The lower end of the tube g within the stock E bears against a spring 29, coiled upon the rod 10 and held under tension, which may be adjusted by a nut 30, this spring being the operating-spring of the breech mechanism and by which the barrel is returned to position, the breech-bolt withdrawn toA open the breech, and returned to close the breech, all

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these operations being performed in the preferred construction shown by a single spring;

The lever f carries a ita-tch h, which, as shown, consists of a pin mounted in the two side plates of the lever and cnt away so as to form an angular catch, this catch connectvthe hammer at cock, as shown in Fig. 1, and

the latter, 2, holds the lever f during the return of the barrel, as shown in Fig. 3, so as to actuate the hammer e and link L to withdraw the breech-bolt. An adjustable stop 32 is carried by the Sear and engagesa shoulder on the web 11 to limit the downward movement of the scar. The pin h, which is mounted to rotate in 'the plates of the lever j", carries a rigid tailpiece or arm 3, which lies u-nder the rear part of the hammer e and forms the means by which the hammer trips the pin h to release it from the catch 2 of the sear t', and the pin h has at the opposite side of the tailpiece 3 an arm 4, to which is pivotally connected a tri pper la, the lower end of which normally rests upon or above the trigger Z, so that the tripper is raised by the trigger when the latter is drawn back, the tripper being normally drawn downward and the pin h rocked rearward by a spring 5, connected, to the tripper 7c and lever f. The triggerl is squared on its rear side or cut away to form a shoulder, so that the tripper may be returned to position behind said shoulder in case the trigger has not been released, aud the pin h thus be rocked to hold .the hammer at cock. If a gun be desiredin which all the cartridges in the magazine are discharged at one pull of the trigger, the construction of the latter may be varied, so as to hold the tripper raised on its return, thus preventing the holding of the hammer at cock, and thus firing the gun as the hammer moves forward at the end of the operation of the breech mechanism.

The carrier, which receives the cartridges from the magazine and delivers them in frontof the breech-boit for being carried by the latter into the barrel, consists of two plates m' m', carried by levers 33, pivoted-`to opposite sides of the barrel extension B an'd`4 having short arms 6 extending below the pivots and to which are pivoted arms 34, which; as shown in Fig. 7, preferably are formed of plates having the1r inner surfaces inclined inward. The carrier is actuated bythe engagement of these arms 34v by a projection 36 on the lower side of the front link K as the latter returns to normal position, this projection having side wings 37` forming a stop for fthe cartridge as it is forced back from the magazine onto the carrier. A sprin gpressed dog n of anysuitable construction is used for holding the next cartridge in the magazine as the carrier is actuated to raisea cartridge to the barrel and until the return of the breech-bolt to normal position, the dog projecting through a notch in the forward end of plate m' and being lowered to permit the next cartridge to be forced out onto the carrier by some part of the returning breechbolt, preferably by the lower inclined end of the ejector b (shown in Fig. 1) striking, a plate 38, mounted to slide vertically on the pin '39 on the dog n, so as' to depress vthe latter, the spring-pressure upon the'dog raising the plate when the breech-bolt vis retracted,

and the pressure of the ejector b upon the plates 38 thus relieved.v A

The magazine E/is provided with au openforward this opening is uncovered for loady ing, as shown in Fig.12,' in which the magazine is shown as having just been loaded.

The construction of lthe magazine and its connections with the barrel and fore-stock is as follows: The magazine is provided .with a bearing against the follower and the head 41 of the magazine, andthe follower o carries an arm 7, which slides within a sloton thel side of the magazine next the barrel and is engaged.'-

by a ring 8, carried by the fore-stock G, the

fore-stock thus being hungupon the maga-v zine. The magazine is connected to the barrel, so that the latter mayslide independently 'follower 0, spring-pressed by a spring -40,

of the magazine, by a tongue-and-groove connectiou 42, as shown in Fig. 15, and. the.fore' stock G encirclesthe magazinesuiciently so loo and the fore-stock'is held initsnrearward-ardff forward positionsbyarller-catch 9, carried l by the/head 4l ofthe magazineand engaging depressions at the forward and rear ends of the latter. 'lhis catch may possibly be omitted,

fore-stockin the two extreme ypositions of the j l however, and the fore-stock held by friction, I

but a catch of some form is desirable.

ration of the unnmlLnow -be de.-

scribed: Assuming that the parts arein the position shown in Fig. 2, the gun just having been dischar ed, the recoil carries the barrel y Aand. barrel extension B rearward together to the `liripit of the recoil movement ofthe barrel, the breech-boltanoyingwimigbarrel and barrel extensiomthis movementff'AVV the barrel and barrel extension-*forcing the lever f backward by thepengagement of the rear end of the barrel extension with the 1erzo-A ver f at the top and the connecting-link-? 1s' pressed down so as to catchi the'latter and hold this portion of the lever against forward between the lower end of the .lever :and barmovement. During this movement the links K L -are held in normal position and the breech-bolt locked to the barrel, so that the side of the barrel extension, and engaging a barrel. extension receives the f ull force of the y recoil, and the escape of gases at the breech is prevented by the pin 23 moving in the grooves 50 and the straight portion of the slot 24. As the breech-bolt moves back the pressure of the ejector b upon the plate 38 is relieved and the dog n left free to spring upward and stop the next cartridge in the magazine, when the cartridge to be loaded is carried upwardby the carrier. The parts are all now in the poio sition shown in Fig. 3. V

The force of the recoil being expended and the barrel being free to return, the spring 29 now recoils, and, as the lever f is now held against bodily forward movement by th e catch I5 h and hook 2 on the scar/t', the lever fis operated as a lever with its fulcrum at the pivot of the catch h and its lower end thrown forward and its upper end rearward as the tube g returns to normal position. By this action 2o thelower end of the lever factuates the barrel extension through the link 27, so as to return the barrel to normal position and thus throw backward the upper end of the lever f and draw back the hammer e, connected thereto. The pin 23 travels in the straight portion of the slot 24 for a short distance du ring this movement and then enters the inclined portion of the slot 24 and breaks down the links K L, and the link L then is actua- 3o ted as a lever with its fulcrum at 22 and the power applied by the pin 23 and through the link K, connecting the other end of this lever to the breech-bolt, draws the latter backward tofully open the breech as the barrel reaches its `normal position. .As the link K moves downward andbackward the wings 37 of the projection 36 pass between the arms 34, and the projection 36 moves into position to engage the rear'end of these arms during its 4o re'turn movement and thus actnates the carrier. Just as the breech-bolt is fully withdrawn and the barrel fully returned to position, so that the breech is fully open, the ejector b strikes the lng 19 and thus rocks the ejector forward, so as to throw the empty shell outward at the side of the gun through the openings 13 .14. At the termination of ./Jthis'movement, also, the under surface of the hammer e, acting upon the tailpiece 3 of the 5o catch h, carries the tailpiece downward, so as to rock thecatch h and release it from the heok2; on the scar c', so that the lever f, hamgrnera links K L, and vthe breech-bolt C are free to be returned tonormal position., by the spring 29, the tension of whichisnot' entirely j exhausted by the return of thebarrel. All the parts are now in; the position shown in full lines inFig. 4.. .'Apcartridge being now fully withnthe carrier and ready to be trans- 6o ferred to the barrel and the dog n stopping the next cartridge, the parts now return to normal position, the first part of the movement being shown in Fig. 5, the lever f being rocked forward by the4 spring 29 on the pivot by which it is connected to the link 27 and Vthus carrying the'hammer e forward to move the link L forward and upward by the pin 23, so as to open the links again and thus move the breech-bolt forward, and as theprojection 36 reaches the ends of the arms 34 it 7c strikes them and moves them forward, which movement, as they are pivoted upon the short arms 6 of. the levers 33, throws the arms 34 and the short arms 6 downward and thus throws the carrier-plates 'm m' upward from 75 the position shown in Fig. 4 to that shown in Fig. 5, the parts being so timed that the cartridge is brought in front of the breech-bolt just in time to be transferredfby the latter to the barrel. The movement of the parts then 8o being continued from the position shown in Fig. 5 the pin 23 as it moves forward in the slot 24 on the rear link L opens the links to their normal position and thus closes the breech, the carrier being thrown do wn to normal position by the projection 36 or wings 37 striking the plate m, the ejector b also actuating the plate 38 to` depress the dog n and allow the next cartridge `to move back onto the car-A rierwhen the latter is lowered. The hammer 9o e has now been moved forward so as to release the tailpiece 3 of the catch h, and .the catch h is rocked rearward by the spring 5 connected to the tripper 7c, so as to carry it into' position to engage the hook] of the sear 95 t' and hold the hammer e at cock. Thus all the parts are returned to the positionshown in Fig. 1, with the hammer cocked, the lever f and hammer being slight] y Withdrawn, so that the hook 1 is over the catch h and holds roo the lever againstthe tension of the spring 29 and the tripper k above the trigger Z. If now the trigger l be pulled, its top surface strikes the tripper lo, raising the latter, and

thus rocks the catch h forward, so as to re- 1o lease it from the hook sear z and thus rele ever f, which is then forced forvard by the spring 29 into the position shown in Fig. 2, the hammer e thus being carried forward so as to force the bar d 11o against the rear side of the firing-pin c and fire the gun', and the operation previously described is then repeated. If the trigger l has not been released, being held back against the tension of its spring, the tripper la in its forward movement comes against the shoulder at the top ot' the trigger and the gun cannot be fired again until the 'trigger has Abeen released, so as to be returned to its place below the tripper. If the hammer is to'be un- 12o cocked, this is accomplished by throwing the hand-lever I so that its upper 'end 2 6 by engagement -with the pin 25 holds the hammer back against the tension of spring 29, then pulling the trigger and allowing the 12 5 hammer to moveforward against pressure on the hand-lever I. When there is no cartridge in the barrel and a cartridge is to be transferred thereto by hand, the hand-lever `I is moved forward into the position shown 13o in dotted lines in Fig. 4, and the upper end 26, striking the pin 25, carries back the hammer e and lever f against the pressure of spring 29 on the tube g, the lever f thus isV -fully withdrawn, as shown in Fig. 4, vthe end 26 of the lever I, which is preferably cut away, as shown, passes und-er the pin 25 andl holds the breech-bolt in its real-position until the hand-lever is returned to position, and upon the return movement of the hand-lever the action is the same as already described in connectionwith the latter part of the automatic movement. This return, however, may becontrolled by the hand acting on the hand-lever I. l

When the magazine is to be loaded, it is necessary only to slide the fore-stock G from the position shown in Fig. 1 to that shown in Fig. 12, which will carrythe follower o forward against the pressure of spring- 40, and the fore-stock will be held in this forward position by the roller-catch 9. The cartridges are then loaded through the opening on theunder side of the forward end of the magazine, as shown, being successively passed backward into the magazine, and upon the return of the fore-stock G after loading thespring-pressed follower o is released and allowed to resume its normal position and pressure upon the cartridges.

It will be understood that the invention may be applied to gn ns of other general construction than that shown and that the form and arrangement of many of the parts shown may be varied widely. The invention therefore is not to be limited to the exact construction shown, as many modications may be,

made therein by those skilled in the art without departing from the invention. It will be understood also that certain features of the invention may be applied to guns of other general constructions thanthat shown and not employing the link movement for operating the breech mechanism and are thus claimed.

What is claimedisl. The combination with a longitudinally- I movable barrel actuated by t-he recoil, of a breech-bolt, links connecting said breech-bolt and barrel, a member engaging the rear link, and mechanism for actuating said member to swing the rear link on its barrel-pivot to withdraw the breech-bolt and open the breech and for returning the barrel and breech-bolt to normal position, substantiallyasdescribed.

2. The combination with a longitudinally movable barrel actuated by the recoil, of a breech-bolt, links connecting said breech'- bolt and barrel, a member engaging t-herear link, and mechanism for moving said member rearward to swing the rear link on its barrel-pivot to withdraw the breech-bolt and open the breech and for returning the barrel and breech-bolt to normal position, substantially as described. i

` 3. The combination with a longitudinallymovable barrel actuated -by the recoil, of a breech-bolt, links connecting said breech-bolt and barrel, a member engaging the rear link,

and mechanism for returning the barrel to and barrel, means for returningthebarrel to position after recoil, a'member engaging the rear link, connections between said member and barrel whereby said member is actuated 8o by the returning barrel to swing the rear link on'its barrel-pivot to withdraw the breechbolt and open the breech, and means for rey turning the, breech-bolt to normal position, substantially as described.

5. The combination with a longitudinallymoyablebar'rel actuated' by the recoil, of a breech-bolt, links connecting said breech-bolt and barrel, means for returning the barrel tol positlon after recoil; a' member engaging therear link, connections between said member and barrel whereby said member is moved -rearward by the returning barrel to swing the rear link on'its barrelpivot to withdraw the breech-bolt and open the breech, and means for returning the breech-bolt to normal posi-v tion, substantially as described.

6. Thecombinationwitha longitudinallyv movable barrel actuated bythe recoil,of a breech-bolt, links connecting said breech-bolt and barrel, means for returning the barrel to position after recoil, a member engaging the rear link, a catch and-,connections between said catch and, member, means coacting with .said catch to move the member-whereby the link is actuated lo withdraw the breech-bolt and open the breech, and means for tripping said catch and returning the breech-bolt to normal position, substantially as described. 7 The combination with a longitudinallymovable barrel actuated by the recoil, of a breech-bolt, links connecting said breech-bolt and barrel, means for returning the barrel toposition after recoil, a member engaging the rear link, a lever connected to said member,

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and means for rocking` said lever whereby the rear link is actuated to withdraw the breechbolt and open the breech, substantially-as-described. l

8. The combination with a longitudinallyv movable barrel actuated. bythe recoil, of a breech-bolt, links con necting said breech-bolt and barrel, means for returning the barrel to position after recoil, a member engaging' the rear link between its pivots, means for mov-v ing said member rearward whereby said link is actuated to withdraw the breech-bolt and open the breech, and means for returningthe breech-bolt to normal position, substantially as described.

9,. The'combination with adongitudinallymovable barrel actuated by the recoil, of a f breech-bolt, links connecting said breech-bolt and barrel, means for returning the.barrel toy position after recoil, a member engaging the rear link between its pivots, means for moving said member rearward by the return movement ot' the barrel, whereby said link is actuated to withdraw the breech-bolt and open the breech, and means for returning the breech-bolt to normal position, substantially as described.

10. The combination with a longitudinallymovable barrel actuated by the recoil, of a breech-bolt, links connecting said breech-bolt and barrel, means for returning the barrel to position after recoil, a member engaging the rear link between its pivots, a catch and connections between said catch and member, means coacting with said catch to, move the member rearward, whereby the link is actuated to withdraw the breech-bolt and open the breech, and means for tripping said catch and returning the breech-bolt to normal position,

' substantially as. described.

11. The combination with a longitudinallymovable barrel actuated by the recoil, of a breech-bol t, links connecting said breech-bolt and barrel, lmeans for returning the barrel and breech-bolt to position, a member engaging the rear link between its pivots, a lever connected to 'said member, and means for rocking said lever during the return movement of the barrel, whereby the rear link is actuated to withdraw the breech-bolt and o pen the breech, substantially as described.

12. The combination with a longitudinallymovable barrel actuated by the recoil, of a breech-bolt, links connecting said breech-bolt and barrel, means for returning the barrel to position, a member engaging the rear link between irs pivots, a lever connected to said member, and means for rocking said lever to move the member in opposite' directions, whereby the rear link is actuated during the return movement of the barrel to withdraw the breech-bolt and open the breech and to return the breech-bolt to normal position, substantially as described.

13. The combination with a longitudinallymovable barrel actuated by the recoil, of a breech-bolt, links connecting said breech-bolt `and. barrel, means for returning the barrel to position after recoil, a member engaging the rear link between its pivots, a lever connected to saidmember, a catch holding said lever during the return movement of the barrel and tripped for the return of the breech-bolt, and means for rocking said lever to move the member in opposite directions, whereby the rear link is actuated during the return movement of the barrel to withdraw the breech-bolt and open the breech and to return the breech-bolt to normal position, substantially as described.

14. The combination with a longitudinallymovable barrel actuated by the recoil, of a breech-bolt, links connecting said breech-bolt and barrel, means for returning the barrel to position after recoil, a member engaging the rear link between its pivots, a lever connected to said member, a catch holding said lever for the withd rawal of the breech-bolt and tripped by said member for the return of the breech-bolt, and means for roc-king said lever on said catch to actuate said member to withdraw the breech-bolt and for returning the lever to normal position to actuate said member to close the breech when the catch is tripped, substantially as described.

15. rlhe combination with a longitudinallymovable barrel actuated by the recoil, of la breech-bolt, links con nectin g said breech -bolt and barrel, a member engaging the rear link between its pivots, a levenconnected at different points to the member and barrel, a pressure device connected to said lever, and a catch forming a fulcrum forthe lever during the return of the barrel and tripped for thereturn of the breech-bolt, substantially as described.

16. rlhe combination with a longitudinallymovable barrel actuated by the recoil, of a breech-bolt, links connecting said breech-bolt and barrel, a member having a pin-and-slot connection to the rear link between the pivots,

a lever connected at dierent points to the member and barrel, a pressure device connected to said le'ver, and a catch forming a fulcrum for the lever during the return of the barrel and tripped for the return of the breech-bolt, substantially as described.

17. The combination witha longitudinallymovable barrel actuated by the recoil, of a breech-bolt, links connecting said breech-bolt and barrel, a member having a pin-and-slot connection to the rear link between the pivotsA and forming a hammer, a lever connected at different points to the member and barrel, a pressure device connected to said lever, a catch forming a fulcrum for the lever during the return'of the barrel and tripped for the return of the breech-bolt, a sear engaging the lever for holding the hammer at cock, a firing-pin, and a trigger vand connections for releasing said sear,substantially as described.

18. The com/bination with a longitudinallymovable barrel actuated by the recoil, of a breech-bolt, links connecting said breech-bolt and barrel, -a member having a pin-and-slot connection with the rear link and forming a hammer, a lever connected atdifferent points to the memberv and barrel, a pressure device connected to said lever, a catch on said lever forming a fulcrum for the lever, a Sear having two hooks engaging the catch, one to hold it during the return of the barrel and the other to hold the hammer cocked, means for tripping thecatch for the return of the breechbolt, a firing-pin, and atrigger and connections for tripping the catch for irin g the gun, substantially as described.

19. The combination with a longitudinallymovable barrel actuated by the recoil, of a breech-bolt, links connecting said breech-bolt and barrel, a member having a pin-and-slot connection with the rear link and forming a hammer, a lever connected at different points to the member and rbarrel, a pressure device IIO breech-bolt to normal -5s4,153 l. v .-7

connected to said lever, a catch mounted to rotate on said lever, a sear having two hooks engaging the catch, one to hold it during the return of the barrel and the other to hold f the hammer cocked,a tri p on the catch tripped by the hammer for the return of the breechbolt, a tripper connected to an 'arm on the catch, a trigger engaging the tripper, and a firing-pin, substantially as described.'

' 20. The combination witha longitudinallymovable ba'rrel actuated by the recoil, of a breech-bolt, links connecting said breech-bolt Aand barrel, a member engaging the rear link between its pivots, a lever connected at one end to said' member and at the opposite end having a link connection to the barrel, a pressure device connected to the lever between the Vmember and, barrel connections, and a catch forming a f ulcrum for the lever between the member and pressure device during the return of thev barrel and tripped for the return of the breech-bolt, substantially as described.

2l. The combination with a longitudinallymovable barrel actuated by the recoil, of a breech-bolt, links connecting said breechbolt and barrel, a member' engaging the rear link between its pivots and forming a hammer, a lever connected at one end to saidvmember and at the opposite end having a link connection to the barrel, a pressure device connected to the lever between the member and barrel connections, a catch forming a fnlcrum for the lever between the member and pressure device during the return of the barrel, a sear having two hooks engaging said catch, one to hold it during the return of the barrel and the other to hold the hammer cocked, means for tripping the catch for the return of the breech-bolt, a tiring-pin, and a trigger and connections for tripping the catch, for firing the gun, substantially as described.

22. The combination with a longitudinallymovable barrel actuated by the recoil, of a breech-bolt, links connecting said breech-bolt and barrel, means for returning the barrel to normal position after recoil, a member having a'pin-and-slot connection with the4 rear link between its pivots, and devices whereby said member is retracted during the return movement of the barrel to withdraw the breech-bolt and then returned tomo've -the position, substantially v the breech-bolt when the catch istrippedg substantially as described. v

24. The combination with a longitudinallymovable barrel actuated by the recoil,'0f a breech-bolt., links connecting said breech-bolt and barrel, means for returning the barrel to normal position after recoil, a member movable longitudinally o'f the; barrel and having a pin moving in grooves 1n the breech-piece and an inclined slot in the rear link, and devices whereby said member is retracted during the'return of the barrel to withdraw the breech-bolt and then returned to move the breech-bolt to normal position, substantially as described.. l l L 25. The combinationwith a longitudinallymovable barrel actuated by the recoil, of a breech-bolt, links connecting said breech-bolt and barrel, means for returning thebarrel tol normal position after recoil, amember movable longitudinally of the barrel and having a pin moving in grooves in the breech-piece and an inclined slot in the rear link, said slot having a portionparallel with the grooves forlocking the links and an inclined portion for,"

actuating the rear link to withdraw andreturn the breech-bolt, and deviceswhereby said member is retracted during the return of the barrelto withdraw the breech-bolt and .then returned to move the breech-boltv to normal position, substantially as described.

26. The combination with a longitudinallymovable barrel actuated by the recoil, of a breech-bolt, links connecting said breech-bolt.

and barrel, means for returning the barrel to normal position after recoil, a hammer movable longitudinally of the barrel and having a pin moving in grooves in the breech-piece` and an inclined slot in the rearlink, said slot having a portion parallel with thegrooves for locking the links and an inclined portion for actuating the'rear link to withdraw and return the breech-bolt, devices whereby said hammer is retracted during the return of barrel to withdraw the breech-bolt and then,

returned Ato move the breech-bolt to normal position, asear holding thehammer at cock on its return, a iring-pin, and trigger and connections `for releasing-thejsear, substantially as described.

27. The combination with a longitudinallymovable barrel actuated by the recoil, loi" a breech-bolt, links connecting said breech-bolt and barrel, means for returning the barrel to normal position after recoil, a hammer mova pin movin-g in grooves in the1 breech-piece and an inclined slot in .the rear link, said slot having a portion parallel with the grooves for locking the links andan -inclined portion for actuating the rear link to withdraw and re-` turn the breech-bolt, devices whereby said hammer is retracted during the return of the barrel to Withdraw the breech-boltl and then returned to move the breech-bolt to normal position, a tiring-pin, a bar'sliding inthe front link and actuated bythe hammer to engage IIS able longitudinally-of the barrel-and; having f the firing-pin, a Sear holding the hammer at cock on'its return, and a trigger and connections for releasing the Sear, substantially as described.

28. The combination with a longitudinallymovable barrel actuated by the recoil, of a breech-bolt, links connecting said breech-bolt and'barrel, means for returning the barrel to normal position after recoil, a hammer movable longitudinally of the barrel, and having a pin moving in grooves in the breech-piece and a slot in the rear link,`said slot having a portion parallel with the grooves for locking the links and an inclined portion for actuatin g the rear link to Withdraw and return the breech-bolt, devices whereby saidhammer is retracted duringy the return of the barrel to Withdraw the breech-bolt and then returned to move the breech-bolt to normal position, a firing-pin havingaslot by which it is threaded on the breech-bolt pivot of the front link, a bar sliding in the front link and actuated by the hammer to engage the firing-pin, said bar and firing-pin engaging by curved surfaces concentric with the movement of the front disk, a sear holding the hammer at cock on its return, and a trigger and connections for releasing the sear, substantially as described. 29. The combination with a longitudinallymovable barrel actuated by the recoil, of a breech-bolt, links connecting said breechbolt and barrel, a spring put under tension by the recoil of the barrel and by Which the barrel is returned to normal position, a member engaging the rear link, and mechanism operated by said .spring for moving said member to Withdraw the breech-bolt and open the breech and for returning the breech-bolt to normal position, substantially as described.

30. The combination With a longitudinallymovable barrel actuated by the recoil, of a breech-bolt, links connecting said breech-bolt and barrel, a spring put under tension by the recoil of the barrel and by which the barrel is returned to normal position, mechanism operated by said spring for actuating the links to withdraw the breech -bolt and open the breech and for returning the breech-bolt to normal position, a magazine, a firing-pin, and a carrier and hammer actuated by said spring, substantially as described.

31. The combination with a longitudinallymovable barrel actuated by the recoil, of a breech-bolt, links connecting said breech-bolt and barrel, means for returning the barrel to position after recoil, mechanism for actuating the links to Withdraw the breech-bolt and open the breech and for returning the breechbolt to normal pjosition, and a ringpin formed in two parts, one of which is pivoted to swing with one of the links, substantially as described.

32. The combination With a hammer and recoil-operated cooking mechanism, of a sear, a trigger, and a tripper for releasing the scar, said tripper normally lying upon or above the trigger and being moved oft' the trigger by the breech mechanism to permit the sear to return independently ,of the position of the trigger, siibstantially as described.

The combination with the longitudinally-movable barrel A and barrel extension B having the side grooves 50, of the breechbolt C, the links K, L, the link L having the slot 24, the member e having the pin 23 moving in said slot and grooves, and mechanism for actuating said member, substantially as described.

34. The combination with a longitudinallymovable barrel A, and barrel extension B, of breech-bolt C, links K, L, a hammer moving longitudinally of and guided by the link L, a firing-pin engaged by said hammer, and mechansm for actuating said hammer.

35. The combination with the longitudinally-movable barrel A'and barrel extension B having the side grooves 50, of the breechbolt C, the links K, L, the link L having the slot 24, the hammer e having the pin moving in said slot and grooves, the tiring-pin c having a slotv threaded on the pivot of the link K, and thebar d sliding in the link K, substantially as described.

36. The combination With the longitudinally-movable barrel A and barrel extension B having the side grooves 50, of the breechbolt C, the links K, L, the link L having the slot 24, the member e having the pin 23 moving in said slot and grooves, lever f, the link 27 between said link and barrel extension, the spring 29 and connections to said lever, and a catch forming a fulcrum for said lever and tripped for the return of the breech-bolt, substantially as described.

37. The combination with the longitudinally-movable barrel A and barrel extension B having the side grooves 50, of the breechbolt C, the links K, L, the link L having the slot 24, the hammer e having the pin 23 moving in said slot and grooves, lever f, the link 27 between said link and the barrel extension, spring 29 and connections to said lever, rotating the c tch h on said lever, the sear i having hooks 2, a firing-pin, means for tripping said catch for the return of the breechbolt, and a trigger and connections for tripping the catch for firing the gun, substantially as described.

38. The combination with the longitudinallymovable barrel A and barrel extension B having the side grooves 50, of the breechbolt C, the linl's K, L, the link L having the slot 24, the hanii'mer e having the pin 23 moving in said slot and grooves, lever f, the link 27 between saidlink and the barrel extension, spring 29 and connections to said lever, rotating the catch 71l on said lever, the scar 1l having hooks l, 2, a firing-pin, the trip-arm 3' on the catch h, the arm 4 on the catch h car'- rying the tripper 7c, and the trigger Z, substantially as described. *l

39. A gun or other iirearm having a longitudinally-movable barrelAand barrel exten- IOC IOE-

sion B having side grooves 50, the breech-bolt C, the links K, L, the link L having the slot 24, the member ehaving the pin 23 movingin said slot and grooves, and mechanism for actuating said member, substantially as described.

40. A gun or other firearm having the longitudinally-movable barrel A and barrel eX- tension B having the side grooves 50, the breech-bolt C, the links K, L, the link L having the slot 24, the member e having the pin 23 moving in said slot and grooves, the lever f, the link 27 between said link and barrel, the spring 29 and connections to said lever, a catch forming a fulcrum for said lever and tripped for the return of the breech-bolt, and mechanism for actuating said member, 'substantially as described.

41. The combinationwithl the longitudinally-movable barrel A,t he breech-bolt C, and links K, L, of the slotted firing-piu c threaded on the front pivot of the link K, and the bar d, sliding in the link K, substantially as described.

42. The combination with the longitudi-l nally-movable barrel A, breech-bolt C, and a breech mechanism having links K, L, of a carrier actuated by the links as they return to position to close the breech, substantially as described.

43. The combination with the longitudinally-movable barrel A,'breechbolt C, and a breech mechanism having links K, L, of a carrier having levers 33 and rearwardly-extending arms 34 pivoted o n short arms 6 of 35 said levers and actuated by the links, substantially as described. v

44. The combinationwith the longitudinally-movable barrel A, breech-bolt O and a breech mechanism having links K, L, of a carrier consisting of plates m, m' carried by 1evers 33, and rearwardly-extending arms 34' pivoted on short arms 6 of saidlevers,'and the lug 36 on the link K actuating said arms on its return to raise the carrier and returning the carrier by engagement with plate m, substantially as described.

45. The combination with the longitudinally-movable barrel A, breech-bolt C, and a breech mechanismhavin g links K, L, of a carv rierconsisting of plates m, 'm' carried by le- 50 vers 33, and rearwardly-extending arms 34 pivoted on short arms 6 of said levers, the lug 36 on the link K actuating said arms on its return to raise the carrier and returning the carrier by engagement with plate m,and wings 5 5 37 on the link K forming a cartridge-stop, v substantially as described.

46. Carrier H -consistin g of plates m, m carried by levers 33, and actuating-arms 34 pivoted on the short arms v6 on said levers, s'ub- 6o stantially as described.

47. The combination with a breechbolt, magazine, carrier, and means for actuating the breech-bolt and carrier, of spring-pressed dog n, and sliding plate 38 actuated by the breech-bolt to depress the dog independently l ofthe carrier, substantially as described.

48. The combination with the magazine F having a loading-opening near its forward end and a spring-pressed follower o, of the sliding' fore-stock G' normally closing said opening and 'connected to the follower-whereby ythe fore-stock G carries the follower beyond said opening when drawn forward, substantially as described.

49. The combination with the magazine F havin g a loading-opening near its forward end and a spring-pressed follower o, of the sliding fore-stock G normally closing said opening vfore-stock carries the follower beyond said opening when drawnv forward, and springcatch 9 for holding thefore-stock, substantially as described.

having a loading-opening near its forward end and a spring-pressed follower o having the lug 7 sliding in a slot in the magazine, of thesliding fore-stock G normally closing said' open- 7, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have h reunto set my hand i-rrtlfe presence of two subscribing-- witnesses. Y HOWARD CARR. WVitnesses: v

I, HOLLANDSMITH, JOHN FAUBEL.

and connected to the follower whereby the 8c -50.y The combination with the magazineF 85y ing and' having the ring 8 engaging said lug 9o 

